The result of these guidelines has been the widespread deployment of RDTs as they can be performed with limited training and return a test result within 15–20 min 5. In 2010, the WHO recommended that all patients with suspected malaria undergo parasitological confirmation by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test (RDT) before beginning treatment 4, 5. Assessment of the factors affecting malaria prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are currently underway to get DRC on track to meet the milestones laid out by the WHO’s Global Technical Strategy for malaria for 2025 1, 3. Of the 87 countries worldwide endemic for malaria in 2019, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) had the second-highest disease burden, with 12% of global cases and 11% of global deaths 1, all of which were attributed to Plasmodium falciparum 2. Due to, the low numbers of pfhrp2 deletions and the sporadic locations of these deletions, the use of HRP2-based RDTs appears to still be appropriate for these locations in DRC.Īccording to the World Health Organization, there were an estimated 215 million cases of malaria in Africa in 2019, accounting for just over 94% of the 228 million cases reported globally that year 1. Dual pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletions were not observed. A pfhrp3 single deletion (0.09%, 1/1109) was found in the Kapolowe site. Single deletions of pfhrp2 were identified in 0.27% (3/1109) of screened samples, with one sample from each of the Kapolowe, Mikalayi, and Rutshuru study sites. The majority of blood samples (93.3%, 1035/1109) had high concentrations of the HRP2 antigen.
Samples with low HRP2 concentration compared to pLDH and pAldolase antigens were selected for further pfhrp2/3 genotyping PCRs. Samples were assayed for HRP2, pan- Plasmodium LDH (pLDH) and aldolase (pAldolase) antigens by bead-based multiplex antigen assay. falciparum infection from six health facilities throughout the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) from March 2017 to January 2018 were evaluated for pfhrp2/3 deletions. Blood samples (n = 1109) collected from patients with P. However, multiple SSA countries have reported pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 ( pfhrp2/3) gene deletions. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) detecting histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and HRP3 are widely used throughout sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to diagnose Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
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